WPF界面開發(fā)工具DevExpress WPF使用教程：創(chuàng)建綁定到數(shù)據(jù)的3D圖表控件（第一部分）

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通過DevExpress WPF Controls，您能創(chuàng)建有著強大互動功能的XAML基礎(chǔ)應(yīng)用程序，這些應(yīng)用程序?qū)Ｗ⒂诋?dāng)代客戶的需求和構(gòu)建未來新一代支持觸摸的解決方案。

在本教程中，您將完成可視化數(shù)據(jù)源所需的步驟。

應(yīng)該執(zhí)行以下步驟，本文我們將為大家介紹3個步驟及最后結(jié)果，更多完整內(nèi)容歡迎持續(xù)關(guān)注！

• Step 1. 編寫一個應(yīng)用程序
• Step 2. 為圖表和系列綁定添加數(shù)據(jù)
• Step 3. 配置系列視圖
• 結(jié)果

Step 1. 編寫一個應(yīng)用程序

您將帶有Model和ViewModel類的數(shù)據(jù)文件添加到項目中。

• 運行MS Visual Studio 2010、2012、2013或2015。
• 創(chuàng)建一個全新的WPF Application項目
• 添加一個新的模型類。 為此，在解決方案資源管理器中右鍵單擊該項目。從invoked菜單中，選擇Add | New Item... element。

在調(diào)用的Add New Item對話框中，選擇Code組，然后從項目列表中選擇Class，將文件名設(shè)置為Star.cs，然后單擊OK。

• 將添加的文件包含的代碼替換為以下代碼，該代碼描述此入門課程中使用的模型對象。

C#

namespace GettingStarted2 {
public struct Star {
public int HipID { get; private set; }
public string Spectr { get; private set; }
public double Luminocity { get; private set; }
public double ColorIndex { get; private set; }
public double X { get; private set; }
public double Y { get; private set; }
public double Z { get; private set; }

public Star(
int id,
double x,
double y,
double z,
string spectr, 
double luminocity, 
double colorIndex
) {
HipID = id;
X = x;
Y = y;
Z = z;
Spectr = spectr;
Luminocity = luminocity;
ColorIndex = colorIndex;
}
}
}

VB.NET

Public Class Star
Dim mHipID As Int32
Dim mSpectr As String
Dim mX, mY, mZ, mLuminocity, mColorIndex As Double

Public ReadOnly Property HipID() As Int32
Get
Return mHipID
End Get
End Property

Public ReadOnly Property Spectr() As String
Get
Return mSpectr
End Get
End Property

Public ReadOnly Property X() As Double
Get
Return mX
End Get
End Property

Public ReadOnly Property Y() As Double
Get
Return mY
End Get
End Property

Public ReadOnly Property Z() As Double
Get
Return mZ
End Get
End Property

Public ReadOnly Property Luminocity() As Double
Get
Return mLuminocity
End Get
End Property

Public ReadOnly Property ColorIndex() As Double
Get
Return mColorIndex
End Get
End Property

Public Sub New(
ByVal id As Int32,
ByVal x As Double,
ByVal y As Double,
ByVal z As Double,
ByVal spectr As String,
ByVal luminocity As Double,
ByVal colorIndex As Double)
mHipID = id
mX = x
mY = y
mZ = z
mSpectr = spectr
mLuminocity = luminocity
mColorIndex = colorIndex
End Sub
End Class

• 將數(shù)據(jù)文件添加到項目中。 將DevExpress Charts Demo隨附的stardata.csv文件復(fù)制到項目目錄新創(chuàng)建的Data目錄中。

注意：默認(rèn)情況下，該文件位于C:\Users\Public\Documents\DevExpress Demos 20.1\Components\WPF\CS\ChartsDemo.Wpf\Data目錄中。

在解決方案資源管理器中，切換Show All Files按鈕，然后右鍵單擊Data目錄。從調(diào)用的菜單中，選擇Include In Project。

單擊解決方案資源管理器中的stardata.csv文件，然后在Properties窗口中，將Build Action屬性設(shè)置為Resource。

• ViewModel應(yīng)該從數(shù)據(jù)文件加載模型對象，像以前一樣，將文件添加到ViewModel的項目中。

用以下代碼替換新文件中的代碼。

C#

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Collections.ObjectModel;
using System.Globalization;
using System.IO;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Resources;

namespace GettingStarted2 {
public class StarStatisticsViewModel {
public IEnumerable<Star> Stars { get; }

public StarStatisticsViewModel() {
Stars = StarStatisticsLoader.Load("/Data/starsdata.csv");
}
}

static class StarStatisticsLoader {
public static IEnumerable<Star> Load(string filepath) {
StreamResourceInfo streamInfo = Application.GetResourceStream(
new Uri(filepath, UriKind.RelativeOrAbsolute)
);
StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(streamInfo.Stream);
Collection<Star> stars = new Collection<Star>();
while (!reader.EndOfStream) {
String dataLine = reader.ReadLine();
String[] serializedValues = dataLine.Split(';');
stars.Add(
new Star(
id: Convert.ToInt32(serializedValues[0], CultureInfo.InvariantCulture),
x: Convert.ToDouble(serializedValues[3], CultureInfo.InvariantCulture),
y: Convert.ToDouble(serializedValues[4], CultureInfo.InvariantCulture),
z: Convert.ToDouble(serializedValues[5], CultureInfo.InvariantCulture),
spectr: serializedValues[1],
luminocity: Convert.ToDouble(serializedValues[6], CultureInfo.InvariantCulture),
colorIndex: Convert.ToDouble(serializedValues[2], CultureInfo.InvariantCulture)
)
);
}

return stars;
}
}
}

VB.NET

Imports System.Collections.ObjectModel
Imports System.Globalization
Imports System.IO
Imports System.Windows.Resources

Public Class StarDataViewModel
Dim mStars As IEnumerable(Of Star)
Public ReadOnly Property Stars As IEnumerable(Of Star)
Get
Return mStars
End Get
End Property

Public Sub New()
mStars = StarStatisticsLoader.Load("/Data/starsdata.csv")
End Sub
End Class

Public Module StarStatisticsLoader
Public Function Load(ByVal filepath As String) As IEnumerable(Of Star)
Dim streamInfo As StreamResourceInfo = Application.GetResourceStream(
New Uri(filepath, UriKind.RelativeOrAbsolute)
)
Dim reader As StreamReader = New StreamReader(streamInfo.Stream)
Dim stars As Collection(Of Star) = New Collection(Of Star)()
While (Not reader.EndOfStream)
Dim dataLine As String = reader.ReadLine()
Dim serializedValues As String() = dataLine.Split(";")
stars.Add(
New Star(
id:=Convert.ToInt32(serializedValues(0), CultureInfo.InvariantCulture),
x:=Convert.ToDouble(serializedValues(3), CultureInfo.InvariantCulture),
y:=Convert.ToDouble(serializedValues(4), CultureInfo.InvariantCulture),
z:=Convert.ToDouble(serializedValues(5), CultureInfo.InvariantCulture),
spectr:=serializedValues(1),
luminocity:=Convert.ToDouble(serializedValues(6), CultureInfo.InvariantCulture),
colorIndex:=Convert.ToDouble(serializedValues(2), CultureInfo.InvariantCulture)
)
)
End While
Return stars
End Function
End Module

• 現(xiàn)在，將ViewModel分配給Window.DataContext屬性：選擇Window，找到DataContext屬性，然后單擊New按鈕。在調(diào)用的窗口中，選擇GettingStarted.StarDataViewModel類，然后單擊OK。

準(zhǔn)備工作完成，這下一篇文章中將詳細(xì)說明如何添加Chart3D控件，分配數(shù)據(jù)和自定義顯示設(shè)置。

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