【下載TeeChart.Net最新版本】

（一）功能類型

1.1 功能類型

TeeChart Pro功能是一個(gè)系列，幾乎可以是任何系列類型，應(yīng)用代數(shù)功能，數(shù)據(jù)源是另一個(gè)圖表系列。所有函數(shù)都派生自Steema.TeeChart.Functions命名空間中的Function類，并繼承Function的 Period屬性。TeeChart Pro提供以下預(yù)定義功能列表：

多種功能類型僅支持一個(gè)輸入系列。但是，可以鏈接鏈接函數(shù)，例如，將圖表中多個(gè)系列的平均值創(chuàng)建為平均函數(shù)系列，然后使用平均函數(shù)作為趨勢(shì)函數(shù)的輸入來標(biāo)識(shí)平均值的趨勢(shì)。

添加功能

使用TeeChart Editor，在First Chart頁面上，選擇Add按鈕，就像將新系列添加到Chart中一樣。在TeeChart Gallery中，選擇Functions選項(xiàng)卡以選擇所需的功能。每個(gè)功能都顯示為一個(gè)系列，用戶可以稍后通過選擇第一個(gè)圖表頁面上的更改按鈕來更改與該功能關(guān)聯(lián)的系列類型。之后，在函數(shù)系列的“數(shù)據(jù)源”頁面上可以輕松更改函數(shù)定義。在這里，同樣容易，用戶可以將已添加到Chart的正常Series的定義更改為Function的定義（Function實(shí)際上是數(shù)據(jù)源的定義，而不是Series Type的定義）。下圖顯示了編輯函數(shù)時(shí)的“數(shù)據(jù)源”頁面。線系列（標(biāo)題“line2”）已定義。數(shù)據(jù)源頁面底部的左側(cè)列表框顯示了可供輸入的圖表中的其他系列（此處為“line1”）。

從一個(gè)完全空的Chart開始，這里是代碼中用于構(gòu)建簡(jiǎn)單的Series-Function相關(guān)Chart的步驟。

[C#.Net]

private void Form1_Load(object sender, System.EventArgs e) 
 
 
            //Add a data Series 
            Line line1 = new Line(tChart1.Chart); 
 
            //Populate it with data (here random) 
            line1.FillSampleValues(10); 
 
            //Add a series to be used for an Average Function 
            Line line2 = new Line(tChart1.Chart); 
 
            //Define the Function Type for the new Series 
            Steema.TeeChart.Functions.Average average1 = new Steema.TeeChart.Functions.Average(); 
            line2.Function = average1; 
 
            //Define the Datasource for the new Function Series 
            line2.DataSource = line1; 
 
            //*Note - When populating your input Series manually you will need to  
            //use the Checkdatasource method  
            //- See the section entitled 'Defining a Datasource' 
            //Change the Period of the Function so that it groups averages 
            //every 2 Points 
            line2.Function.Period = 2; 
            line2.CheckDataSource(); 

[VB.Net]

Private Sub Form1_Load(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles MyBase.Load 
        'Add a data Series 
        Dim Line1 As New Steema.TeeChart.Styles.Line(TChart1.Chart) 
         
        'Populate it with data (here random) 
        Line1.FillSampleValues(10) 
 
        'Add a series to be used for an Average Function 
        Dim Line2 As New Steema.TeeChart.LineSeries(TChart1.Chart) 
 
        'Define the Function Type for the new Series 
        Dim Average1 As New Steema.TeeChart.Functions.Average() 
        Line2.Function = Average1 
 
        'Define the Datasource for the new Function Series 
        Line2.DataSource = Line1 
 
        '*Note - When populating your input Series manually you will need to  
        'use the Checkdatasource method  
        '- See the section entitled 'Defining a Datasource' 
        'Change the Period of the Function so that it groups averages 
        'every 2 Points 
        Line2.Function.Period = 2 
        Line2.CheckDataSource() 
End Sub

添加另一個(gè)函數(shù)來獲取有關(guān)前一個(gè)函數(shù)的信息

[C#.Net]

private void button1_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e) 
         
            //Let's change to 2D for visibility 
            tChart1.Aspect.View3D = false; 
            //Add another Series to be used for a 2nd Function  
            Line line3 = new Line(tChart1.Chart); 
            //Define the Function Type for the new Series  
            Steema.TeeChart.Functions.High high1 = new Steema.TeeChart.Functions.High(); 
            line3.Function = high1; 
            //Define the Datasource for the new Function Series  
            //Use the existing Function (Series2) as input  
            line3.DataSource = tChart1.Series[1]; 
            //Leave the Period at default 0 (No Period set) to draw  
            //A line at Highest of all points of the Average Function 

[VB.Net]

Private Sub Button1_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Button1.Click 
        'Let's change to 2D for visibility 
        TChart1.Aspect.View3D = False 
        'Add another Series to be used for a 2nd Function  
        Dim Line3 As New Steema.TeeChart.LineSeries(TChart1.Chart) 
        'Define the Function Type for the new Series  
        Dim High1 As New Steema.TeeChart.Functions.High() 
        Line3.Function = High1 
        'Define the Datasource for the new Function Series  
        'Use the existing Function (Series2) as input  
        Line3.DataSource = TChart1.Series(1) 
        'Leave the Period at default 0 (No Period set) to draw  
        'A line at Highest of all points of the Average Function  
End Sub

1.2 定義數(shù)據(jù)源

上一節(jié)中的示例重點(diǎn)介紹如何使用Datasource通過代碼填充Function。Series使用datasource定義Function的輸入或定義Series ADO.NET數(shù)據(jù)源。使用TeeChart編輯器，在添加函數(shù)后，函數(shù)系列的“Datasource”頁面將顯示包含在函數(shù)定義中的可用系列列表。可以更改要應(yīng)用于系列的函數(shù)類型，并從左側(cè)列表框“Available”中選擇系列，并將它們添加到右側(cè)列表框“Selected”，按代碼的數(shù)據(jù)源使用Series.Datasource屬性。

例;

假設(shè)在設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)通過TeeChart編輯器添加了2個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)系列，添加了一個(gè)由2系列的平均值組成的函數(shù)：

[C#.Net]

private void Form1_Load(object sender, System.EventArgs e) 
         
            tChart1.Aspect.View3D = false; 
            bar1.FillSampleValues(10); 
            bar2.FillSampleValues(10); 
         
 
        private void button1_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e) 
         
            Steema.TeeChart.Styles.Line line1 = new Steema.TeeChart.Styles.Line(tChart1.Chart); 
            Steema.TeeChart.Functions.Average average1 = new Steema.TeeChart.Functions.Average();  
            line1.DataSource = new object[]  this.bar2,this.bar1; 
            line1.Function = average1; 
            line1.Marks.Visible = true; 

[VB.Net]

Private Sub Form1_Load(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles MyBase.Load 
        TChart1.Aspect.View3D = False 
        Bar1.FillSampleValues(10) 
        Bar2.FillSampleValues(10) 
End Sub 
 
Private Sub Button1_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Button1.Click 
        Dim DataSource As New ArrayList() 
 
        DataSource.Add(Bar1) 
        DataSource.Add(Bar2) 
 
        Dim Line1 As New Steema.TeeChart.Styles.Line(TChart1.Chart) 
        Dim Average1 As New Steema.TeeChart.Functions.Average() 
 
        Line1.Function = Average1 
        Line1.DataSource = DataSource 
End Sub

為2系列添加點(diǎn)數(shù)：

[C#.Net]

private void button2_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e) 
         
            Random rnd = new Random(); 
            for(int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) 
             
                bar1.Add(rnd.Next(500)); 
                bar2.Add(rnd.Next(500)); 

[VB.Net]

Private Sub Button2_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Button2.Click 
        Dim rnd As New Random() 
        Dim i As Integer 
        For i = 0 To 10 
            Bar1.Add(rnd.Next(500)) 
            Bar2.Add(rnd.Next(500)) 
        Next 
End Sub

請(qǐng)注意，該功能不會(huì)顯示，需要在Button2_Click（）事件中添加Series.CheckDatasource方法以讀取Function的值。

[C#.Net]

tChart1.Series [2] .CheckDataSource（）;  

[VB.Net]

TChart1.Series（2）.CheckDataSource（）

可以在運(yùn)行時(shí)更改函數(shù)定義，只需重新定義Series.DataSource屬性即可為系列分配新函數(shù)：

[C#.Net]

private void button3_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e) 
         
            Steema.TeeChart.Functions.Cumulative cumulative1 = new Steema.TeeChart.Functions.Cumulative(); 
            tChart1.Series[2].Function = cumulative1;

[VB.Net]

Private Sub Button3_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Button3.Click 
        Dim Cumulative1 As New Steema.TeeChart.Functions.Cumulative() 
        TChart1.Series(2).Function = Cumulative1 
End Sub

1.3 功能周期

周期是使用函數(shù)的重要屬性，因?yàn)橹芷诙x了循環(huán)應(yīng)用函數(shù)的點(diǎn)的范圍。

示例

有6個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)點(diǎn)（例如條形系列的條形），其值為： 3,8,6,2,9和12。定義一個(gè)具有周期0的函數(shù)系列（默認(rèn)），繪制的平均值為：6.667。將周期設(shè)置為2我們得到3個(gè)平均值作為函數(shù)的輸出：5.5,4和10.5。這些值將在它們的周期范圍中集中繪制，即輸入系列的第1和第2條之間的第1個(gè)值，第3和第4個(gè)條之間的第2個(gè)值等..通過在“Datasource”頁面中選擇相關(guān)的“Series and Function”并單擊“Options”選項(xiàng)卡來定義“Period ”，也可以使用“FunctionType”在運(yùn)行時(shí)修改“Period ”。

例如，line1是函數(shù)系列：

[C#.Net]

line1.Function.Period = 2;

[VB.Net]

Line1.Function.Period = 2 

下面是2個(gè)圖表突出顯示應(yīng)用的周期

1.4 時(shí)間段樣式

周期的效果可以定義為范圍，這在使用DateTime系列時(shí)非常有用，將函數(shù)的“Period”表示為TimeStep，屬性“PeriodStyle”控制如何表達(dá)“Period”。例如，可以使用日期時(shí)間源系列上的常規(guī)“Average”功能繪制“monthly average of sales”功能，并將功能期間設(shè)置為“one month”：

[C#.Net]

private void Form1_Load(object sender, System.EventArgs e)  
            //Add in a BarSeries and Average Function at design-time. 
            Random rnd = new Random(); 
            tChart1.Aspect.View3D = false;   
            
            TimeSpan month = new TimeSpan(30,0,0,0); 
            DateTime today = DateTime.Today; 
 
            bar1.Marks.Visible = false; 
            bar1.XValues.DateTime = true; 
            tChart1.Axes.Bottom.Labels.Angle = 90; 
 
            for(int i = 0; i < 60; ++i)  
                today = today.AddDays(5); 
                bar1.Add(today, rnd.Next(100),"",Color.Red); 
             
 
            average1.PeriodAlign = Steema.TeeChart.Functions.PeriodAligns.First; 
            average1.PeriodStyle = Steema.TeeChart.Functions.PeriodStyles.Range; 
            average1.Period = month.TotalDays; 
            line1.DataSource = bar1; 
            line1.CheckDataSource(); 

[VB.Net]

Private Sub Form1_Load(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles MyBase.Load 
        'Add in a BarSeries and Average Function at design-time. 
        TChart1.Aspect.View3D = False 
 
        Dim Month As New TimeSpan(30, 0, 0, 0) 
        Dim Today As DateTime = DateTime.Today 
        Dim i As Integer 
 
        Bar1.Marks.Visible = False 
        Bar1.XValues.DateTime = True 
        TChart1.Axes.Bottom.Labels.Angle = 90 
 
        For i = 0 To 60 
            Today = Today.AddDays(5) 
            Bar1.Add(Today, Rnd() * 100, "", Color.Red) 
        Next 
 
        Average1.PeriodAlign = Steema.TeeChart.Functions.PeriodAligns.First 
        Average1.PeriodStyle = Steema.TeeChart.Functions.PeriodStyles.Range 
        Average1.Period = Month.TotalDays 
        Line1.DataSource = Bar1 
        Line1.CheckDataSource() 
End Sub 

這將產(chǎn)生幾個(gè)點(diǎn)，每個(gè)點(diǎn)顯示BarSeries中每個(gè)月數(shù)據(jù)的“average”，在計(jì)算日期時(shí)間段的函數(shù)時(shí)，必須按源日期對(duì)源系列中的點(diǎn)進(jìn)行排序，該范圍也可用于非日期時(shí)間序列：

[C#.Net]

for(int i = 0; i < 60; ++i)  
     bar1.Add(Convert.ToDouble(i), rnd.Next(100),"",Color.Red); 
 
average1.PeriodAlign = Steema.TeeChart.Functions.PeriodAligns.First; 
average1.PeriodStyle = Steema.TeeChart.Functions.PeriodStyles.Range; 
average1.Period = 6;

[VB.Net]

For i = 0 To 60 
   Bar1.Add(i, Rnd() * 100, "", Color.Red) 
Next 
Average1.PeriodAlign = Steema.TeeChart.Functions.PeriodAligns.First 
Average1.PeriodStyle = Steema.TeeChart.Functions.PeriodStyles.Range 
Average1.Period = 6 

這將計(jì)算每個(gè)“6”區(qū)間內(nèi)每組點(diǎn)的平均值。（X > = 6，X < 6的點(diǎn)將用于計(jì)算第一個(gè)平均值，X&gt; = 6的點(diǎn)，X < 12將用于計(jì)算第二個(gè)平均值，依此類推......），這與計(jì)算每6個(gè)點(diǎn)的平均值不同。使用“周期對(duì)齊”屬性可以對(duì)齊“系列”范圍內(nèi)的功能點(diǎn)，以下將繪制每月結(jié)束時(shí)的功能點(diǎn)：

[C#.Net]

average1.PeriodAlign = Steema.TeeChart.Functions.PeriodAligns.First; 
average1.PeriodStyle = Steema.TeeChart.Functions.PeriodStyles.Range; 
average1.Period = month.TotalDays;

[VB.Net]

Average1.PeriodAlign = Steema.TeeChart.Functions.PeriodAligns.First 
Average1.PeriodStyle = Steema.TeeChart.Functions.PeriodStyles.Range 
Average1.Period = Month.TotalDays

Period = Month.TotalDays and PeriodAligns.First，從下圖中可以看出，“average&rdquo;是在月末繪制的。

Period = Month.TotalDays and PeriodAligns.Last，在這種情況下，“average”是在月初繪制的。

1.5 派生自定義函數(shù)

創(chuàng)建新的Function組件只是創(chuàng)建一個(gè)派生自Function類的新組件（它也可以從現(xiàn)有的函數(shù)類派生），F(xiàn)unction中有兩個(gè)重要的虛擬方法可以重寫以創(chuàng)建新的Function類型。 1）Function.Calculate：public virtual double Calculate（Series Source，int First，int Last） 2）Fu??nction.CalculateMany：public virtual double CalculateMany（ArrayList SourceSeries，int ValueIndex） 如果只有一個(gè)系列用作數(shù)據(jù)源，則Calculate方法用于計(jì)算函數(shù)結(jié)果。如果多個(gè)系列可用作數(shù)據(jù)源，則CalculateMany用于計(jì)算函數(shù)結(jié)果。

示例：創(chuàng)建新的SquareSum功能，需要一個(gè)SquareSum函數(shù)來返回“sum of squares（平方和）”，此函數(shù)只能有一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)源或多個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)源，因此我們將覆蓋Calculate和CalculateMany方法。

[C#.Net]

public class SquareSum : Steema.TeeChart.Functions.Function  
        public SquareSum(): base()  
        public SquareSum(Steema.TeeChart.Chart c): base(c)  
 
        public override double Calculate(Series SourceSeries,int FirstIndex,int LastIndex)   
            ValueList v=ValueList(SourceSeries); 
            if ( FirstIndex==-1 ) return v.Total; 
            else  
                double result=0; 
                for (int t=FirstIndex; t<=LastIndex; t++)   
                    result+=Math.Sqrt(v[t]); 
                return result; 
             
         
 
        public override double CalculateMany(ArrayList SourceSeriesList,int ValueIndex)  
            ValueList v; 
            double result=0; 
 
            for (int t=0; tValueIndex )   
                    result+=Math.Sqrt(v[ValueIndex]); 
             
            return result;

[VB.Net]

Public Class SquareSum 
        Inherits Steema.TeeChart.Functions.Function 
 
        Public Sub New() 
            MyBase.New() 
        End Sub 
 
        Public Sub New(ByVal c As Steema.TeeChart.Chart) 
            MyBase.New(c) 
        End Sub 
 
        Public Overrides Function Calculate(ByVal Source As Steema.TeeChart.Series, ByVal First As Integer, ByVal Last As Integer) As Double 
            Dim v As Steema.TeeChart.ValueList 
            Dim t As Integer 
            v = ValueList(Source) 
 
            If First = -1 Then 
                Return v.Total 
            Else 
                Dim Result As Double = 0 
                For t = First To t < Last 
                    Result += Math.Sqrt(v(t)) 
                Next 
                Return Result 
            End If 
        End Function 
 
        Public Overrides Function CalculateMany(ByVal SourceSeries As System.Collections.ArrayList, ByVal ValueIndex As Integer) As Double 
            Dim v As Steema.TeeChart.ValueList 
            Dim Result As Double = 0 
            Dim t As Integer 
 
            For t = 0 To t < SourceSeries.Count 
                v = ValueList(CType(SourceSeries(t), Steema.TeeChart.Series)) 
                If v.Count > ValueIndex Then 
                    Result += Math.Sqrt(v(ValueIndex)) 
                End If 
            Next 
 
            Return Result 
        End Function 
End Class

FirstIndex和EndIndex變量用于“loop（循環(huán)）”所有SourceSeries點(diǎn)以計(jì)算平方和。“ValueList”方法用于提取必需的Steema.TeeChart.ValueList，以使這些類與HorizBarSeries等Series類型一起使用，其中&ldquo;XValues”保存點(diǎn)值而不是“YValues”，當(dāng)Series只有一個(gè)Series作為DataSource時(shí)，使用“Calculate”方法，當(dāng)Series有多個(gè)Series作為數(shù)據(jù)源時(shí)，將調(diào)用“CalculateMany”方法。對(duì)于源系列中的每個(gè)點(diǎn)，“CalculateMany”將被調(diào)用一次，從零開始，以所有數(shù)據(jù)源的最小點(diǎn)數(shù)結(jié)束。理解Calculate和CalculateMany之間的區(qū)別非常重要，當(dāng)只有一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)源并且只調(diào)用一次時(shí)調(diào)用“Calculate”。當(dāng)有多個(gè)Series作為數(shù)據(jù)源時(shí)，會(huì)多次調(diào)用“CalculateMany”（每個(gè)點(diǎn)一個(gè)）。